Affiliation:
1. University of Edinburgh,
2. University of Cambridge
Abstract
In this article, we examine the utility of Antonio Gramsci’s concept of passive revolution and its relation to Leon Trotsky’s theory of uneven and combined development in analysing the transformational effects of world economy and international relations on ‘late-developing’ societies’ transition to capitalism. Although Gramsci never explicitly linked passive revolution to uneven and combined development, we argue that Trotsky’s theory helps make explicit assumptions present in the Prison Notebooks, but never fully thematised. In turn, we demonstrate that incorporating passive revolution into Trotsky’s theory further illuminates the ontology of class agencies that is often lacking in structuralist approaches to bourgeois revolutions. In illustrating these arguments, we examine the case of Japan’s modern state-formation process, demonstrating how the Meiji Restoration of 1868 can be conceptualised as a passive revolution emerging within the context of the uneven and combined process of social development activated and generalised through the rise of the capitalist world economy.
Subject
Economics and Econometrics,Sociology and Political Science,History
Cited by
64 articles.
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1. The difference multiplicity makes: The American Civil War as passive revolution;Review of International Studies;2023-11-13
2. Bibliography;Archaism and Actuality;2023-10-11
3. Notes;Archaism and Actuality;2023-10-11
4. Epilogue: Déjà Vu;Archaism and Actuality;2023-10-11
5. Actuality & the Archaic Mode of Cognition;Archaism and Actuality;2023-10-11