The Conduction System in Heterotaxy

Abstract

Cardiac malformations associated with the syndrome of atriovisceral heterotaxy are among the most complex forms of congenital heart disease. Accordingly, the disposition of the specialized conduction tissue (the conduction system) is also variable and complex in these particular anomalies. The location of the conduction system and the degree of abnormalities of the conduction system correlate with the severity and location of the associated structural cardiac anomalies.