Patterns and Trends of Facial Fractures at a Tertiary Care Trauma Center in India - A 13 years Retrospective Study

Abstract

Study Design Retrospective study Objective The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the prevalence, pattern, diagnosis, and treatment of the facial fractures falling under ambit of facial plastic surgery in a multi-specialty hospital at India from the year 2006–2019. Methods This retrospective study analyzed 1508 patients, having orbital fractures (from 2006 to 2019) for demographic data, cause of trauma, type of fracture, and the treatment given. The data were compiled in excel and analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0. Results Out of these 1508 patient (1127 (74.73%)–males and 381 (25.27%)–females), the etiology of injuries was Road traffic accident (RTA) (49.20%), assault (26.52%), and sports injuries (11.47%). The most common fracture pattern was Isolated Orbit and/or Orbital Floor fracture in 451 patients (32.08%), followed by Mid-facial fractures (21.93%). Also, 105 patients (6.96%) experienced ocular/retinal trauma along with other fractures. Conclusion Orbit, peri-ocular, and mid-face trauma comprised a large position of this study. It requires a great deal of expertise to treat such complex trauma, which is not covered in one specialty alone. Hence, a holistic approach of craniofacial fracture management, rather than limiting these skills to water-tight craniofacial compartments becomes necessary. The study highlights the critical need of multidisciplinary approach for predictable and successful management of such complex cases.