The Determinants of Informal, Formal, and Mixed In-Home Care in the Canadian Context

Abstract

Objective: This study employed the behavioral model of service utilization to assess the impact of social support and other predisposing, enabling, and health need factors on the receipt of informal, formal, and/or combination of both types of in-home care. Method: The study utilized data from the 2008-2009 Canadian Community Health Survey and focused on individuals aged 45 and older with one or more functional limitations ( N = 5,898). Results: A broad array of predisposing and enabling factors influenced the receipt of care both directly and indirectly through health-related needs for care. Different types of support were influential including affectionate support, positive social interaction, and tangible assistance. Discussion: Findings support the utility of the behavioral model of service utilization to examine the determinants of in-home care arrangements. Findings also point to the need to broaden our focus on the importance of support networks beyond their direct involvement in the provision of care itself.