Urinary Bladder “Melanosis”: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Author:

Cao Qi1,Goldenberg Mitchell2,Aron Manju1,Wang Tiannan1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

2. Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Abstract

Melanosis of the urinary bladder, so-called melanosis vesicae, is a rare condition characterized by dark, velvety bladder mucosa observed by cystoscopy examination. Up to 20 examples have been reported in the English literature, and the etiology of this disease still needs to be discovered. We present an 82-year-old woman with a history of pelvic organ prolapse-associated urinary symptoms. The patient was found to have pigmented urinary bladder mucosa on cystoscopy and underwent a total hysterectomy and bladder mucosal biopsy. Histologically, pigmented granules were evident in the bladder stroma and epithelium, highlighted by Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stain, suggestive of lipofuscin in nature. We outline the diagnostic features of bladder melanosis, discuss the diagnostic mimickers, and thoroughly review the literature on the subject.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Pathology and Forensic Medicine,Surgery,Anatomy

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