Information-seeking behaviour in patients exploring orthognathic surgery: A qualitative study

Abstract

Objective: To explore how orthognathic patients seek information during decision-making. Design: Qualitative, cross-sectional study. Setting: A hospital in Cumbria, UK. Participants: Prospective orthognathic patients. Methods: Participants were purposively recruited from joint orthognathic clinics after the original consultation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted via remote video call with nine participants aged 18–30 years. Data collection and reflexive thematic analysis occurred in parallel until thematic saturation was achieved. Results: The central finding of this research was that patients were making informed decisions about orthognathic surgery. Four themes were identified to support this central finding including the following: (1) selective engagement with orthognathic information sources; (2) the central role of patient-specific information from professionals and peers; (3) Internet use to supplement standard information resources; and (4) concerns over information found online. The preferred source of information was verbal from the clinical team as it was trusted and person-specific. Past patients were identified as valued sources of information and establishing contact through digital social media networks was found to be a convenient alternative to face-to-face. Online information found was valued but concerns included information overload, problems establishing applicability and concerns over its credibility. Conclusion: Orthognathic patients were making informed decisions about their treatment. This study highlights the central role of the patient–clinician interaction in decision-making, especially in providing patient-specific information. Insight into the nuances of information-seeking behaviours will better inform clinical care. Since patients frequently access online information that is decision-relevant, encouraging patients to discuss online searches will support the shared decision-making process and alleviate any concerns with information found. During consultation, explaining the purpose of an information aid rather than expecting patients to read them separately, may further enhance its usefulness in decision-making. This study identified an unmet need for visual aids, such as real-time images of postoperative recovery. These findings can inform the design of future information resources.