Association Between Mandibular Prognathism and MATRILIN-1 Gene in Central India Population: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Mandibular prognathism (MP) is known to be an inherited trait. Secondary condylar cartilage is the postnatal growth site of the mandible. Chromosome location 1p36 contains MATRILIN-1, which is related to cartilage matrix formation. The aim of this article is to find out relation between mutation in gene encoding MATRILIN-1 at 1p36 and MP. Material and Methods: This case control study included 35 skeletal class III patients with MP (18 males and 17 females in the age range from 6 years to 63 years; mean age was 21.74 ± 12.87 years) and 30 control individuals with orthognathic skeletal relation (17 males, 13 females in the age range from 19 years to 25 years, mean age of 21.57 ± 2.59 years) without any family history of MP. DNA was extracted from venous blood and genotyped. Two loci on chromosome 1p36 (rs20566 and rs1065755) encoding MATRILIN-1 were studied for mutation. Results: Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at rs20566 and frameshift mutation at rs1065755 had a significantly greater frequency in MP cases than in control. Conclusions: Mutation at both the sites can be attributed to increased risk of developing MP.