Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of Swirling Flow in Spiral Vortex Ventricular Assist Device

Abstract

Spiral Vortex Ventricular Assist Device (SV-VAD) supports cardiac patients with refractory heart failure. Unfortunately, thrombus formation and risk of stroke due to flow complications may lead to aggravated conditions. The hemodynamics of a continuous flow in the ventricular chamber of a SV-VAD can be analyzed using numerical simulation. Particle image velocimetry and laser Doppler anemometry are utilized for validating the simulated spiral flow in a transparent acrylic SV-VAD replica based on its cross-sectional averaged axial and tangential velocities. After validation, the relationship between swirling flow and blood cell damage is established by evaluating flow effect on thrombosis due to high shear stress. Based on our analysis, stagnancy of the flow within the SV-VAD is insignificant and its low shear stress minimizes hemolysis.