Influence of Differences in Body Weight and Volume Management on Experimental Results in Porcine Models

Abstract

Background In contrast to humans, young pigs naturally have a low COPpl (12–16 mmHg versus 22–26 mmHg in young humans). Thus, behavior occurring when volume management is performed similar to human medicine might be different. Potentially underestimated intra- to extravascular fluid and solute shifts could influence time course of variables investigated. That is why we studied whether differences in the basic protocol for infusion therapy and different levels of COP - according to age or body weight, respectively - impair reproducibility and reliability of experimental results. Methods Group A [n=6, lower body weight (LBW < 22 kg)] was treated with unrestricted infusion rates (UIR) adjusted to maintain a constant blood pressure; group B [n=6, higher body weight (HBW > 28 kg)] was treated with a restricted continuous infusion rate for fluid balance (RIR); group C (n=6) combined HBW and UIR protocol. Blood pressure, plasma solutes, diuresis, and peritoneal fluid were analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Wilcoxon test. Results UIR-treated pigs with LBW (group A) developed ascites and demonstrated time dependent decreases of plasma solute concentrations whereas in pigs of group C mainly diuresis was increased and subcutaneous edema occurred. None of the protocols enabled constant blood pressure. Discussion In young pigs (LBW), an adaptive volume substitution using crystalloids to standardize blood pressure may induce fluid extravasation; in turn data may not show statistical significance, stable hemodynamics may not be achieved and changes in plasma solute concentrations may lead to false interpretations. RIR-strategy provided reproducible, plausible results and thus should be recommended in combination with pigs >29 kg BW for the use of porcine models.