Experiencing Work: Values, Attitudes, and Moods

Abstract

This paper describes a model (the VAM model) which integrates three of the most significant dimensions of the work experience, work values, attitudes, and moods, into one overarching framework. The VAM model proposes that a rich and more complete understanding of the experience of work necessitates the simultaneous consideration of work values, attitudes, and moods. After describing how work values, attitudes, and moods, each capture key aspects of experiencing work, we discuss three important dimensions along which they vary: time, dynamism, and focus. These dimensions underscore the need for the simultaneous consideration of values, attitudes, and moods for a fuller understanding of the work experience. We then describe how work values, attitudes, and moods have the potential to influence each other. Finally, we discuss the implications of the VAM model for understanding important organizational outcomes including extra-role behavior, job performance, social loafing, absenteeism, and turnover.