Effects of Variations in the Tragus Expansion Angle on Users’ Comfort for In-ear Wearables-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Effects of Variations in the Tragus Expansion Angle on Users’ Comfort for In-ear Wearables

Published:2023-09 Issue:1 Volume:67 Page:877-883
ISSN:2169-5067
Container-title:Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting
language:en
Short-container-title:Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting

Author:

Fan Hao¹²³^ORCID,Wang Mengcheng⁴⁵,Zhao Xiao⁶,Ren Yihui³,Chen Chen³,Dou Yunjie⁷,Shi Jinlei¹,Chen Dengkai³,Harris-Adamson Carisa⁵⁸,Chai Chunlei¹

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Modern Industrial Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

2. Department of Design, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

3. Key Laboratory of Industrial Design and Ergonomics, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China

4. School of Art and Design, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China

5. School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

6. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA

7. School of Art and Design, Xi’an Mingde Institute of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China

8. Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

Abstract

Tragus expansion angle (TEA) is an angular variable that quantifies the degree of outward expansion of the tragus cartilage induced by in-ear wearables worn in the human ear. However, the TEA cannot be measured directly, and the mechanism that explains how expansion variations affect users’ comfort experience is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to establish a quantitative relationship between variations in the tragus expansion angle and users’ comfort experience. TEA was measured on 400 healthy participants and normalized using a measuring device (ATMC prototype) and Tragus Expansion Index (TEI). Our results show that the comfort range across variations in TEA was similar for both sexes, yet compared to females, males could tolerate larger variations both in TEA and TEI. A quantitative relationship was established using TEI values, (dis)comfort ratings and GaussAmp function, which can be employed for ergonomic design purposes.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Medicine,General Chemistry

Link

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/21695067231192616

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