Concomitant Fungal and Bacterial Atlanto-Axial Osteomyelitis: A Case Report

Abstract

Concomitant fungal and bacterial atlanto-axial osteomyelitis in immunocompetent individuals is rare. We report one such patient who underwent transoral anterior decompression and posterior occipital cervical fusion, together with antibiotic and antifungal treatment. At 16-month follow-up, the patient had made a full recovery with solid fusion. Prompt diagnosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion, with timely use of modern imaging modalities. When the diagnosis is early, antibiotic treatment alone should suffice.