Frequency of new asymptomatic MRI lesions during attacks and follow-up of patients with NMOSD in a real-world setting

Author:

Carnero Contentti Edgar1ORCID,Lopez Pablo A1,Tkachuk Verónica2,Vrech Carlos3,Zarate María A3,Correale Jorge4,Deri Norma5,Luetic Geraldine6ORCID,Marrodan Mariano4ORCID,Pagani Cassara Fátima7,Tavolini Darío8,Ysrraelit María Célica4,Balbuena María E2,Hryb Javier9,Chiganer Edson9,Leguizamon Felisa10,Knorre Eduardo10,Zanga Gisela11,Pestchanker Claudia12ORCID,Barboza Andrés13,Nadur Débora2,Cristiano Edgardo14,Patrucco Liliana14,Alonso Ricardo15ORCID,Alonso Serena Marina16,Paul Friedemann1718192021,Rojas Juan Ignacio22

Affiliation:

1. Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires, Argentina

2. Sección de Neuroinmunología y Enfermedades Desmielinizantes, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina

3. Departamento de Enfermedades Desmielinizantes, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba, Argentina

4. Departamento de Neurología, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina

5. Centro de Especialidades Neurológicas y Rehabilitación, CENyR, Buenos Aires, Argentina

6. Instituto de Neurociencias de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina

7. Instituto de Neurociencias, Fundación Favaloro/INECO/Buenos Aires, Argentina Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina

8. INECO Neurociencias Oroño, Rosario, Argentina

9. Consultorio de Neuroinmunología, Hospital Carlos G. Durand, Buenos Aires, Argentina

10. Hospital de Agudos, Dr. Teodoro Álvarez, Buenos Aires, Argentina

11. Departamento de Neurología, Hospital Cesar Milstein, Buenos Aires, Argentina

12. Hospital Central Dr. Ramón Carrillo, San Luis, Argentina

13. Hospital Central de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina

14. Centro de Esclerosis Múltiple de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

15. Centro Universitario de Esclerosis Múltiple, Hospital Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina

16. Servicio de Clínica Médica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

17. NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

18. Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

19. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

20. Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

21. Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

22. Centro de Esclerosis Múltiple de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina Servicio de Neurología, Unidad de EM y Enfermedades Desmielinizantes, Hospital Universitario de CEMIC, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Abstract

Background: We aimed to assess the frequency of new asymptomatic lesions on brain and spinal imaging (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) and their association with subsequent relapses in a large cohort of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients in Argentina. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 675 MRI (225 performed during an attack and 450 during the relapse-free period (performed at least 3 months from the last attack)) of NMOSD patients who had at least 2 years of clinical and MRI follow-up since disease onset. Kaplan–Meier (KM) curves were used for depicting time from remission MRI to subsequent relapse. Results: We included 135 NMOSD patients (64.4% were aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG)-positive). We found that 26 (19.26%) and 66 (48.88%) of patients experienced at least one new asymptomatic MRI lesion during both the relapse-free period and attacks, respectively. The most frequent asymptomatic MRI lesions were optic nerves followed by short-segment myelitis during the relapse-free period and attacks. KM curves did not show differences in the time taken to develop a new relapse. Conclusion: Our findings showed that new asymptomatic lesions are relatively frequent. However, the presence of new asymptomatic MRI lesions during the relapse-free period and at relapses was not associated with a shorter time to developing subsequent relapses.

Funder

Roche Argentina

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Neurology (clinical),Neurology

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