The time to include cognition in the multiple sclerosis concept of progression independent from relapse activity is now-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The time to include cognition in the multiple sclerosis concept of progression independent from relapse activity is now

Published:2024-08-28 Issue: Volume: Page:
ISSN:1352-4585
Container-title:Multiple Sclerosis Journal
language:en
Short-container-title:Mult Scler

Author:

Ziccardi Stefano¹^ORCID,Guandalini Maddalena¹,Fuchs Tom A²³^ORCID,Calabrese Massimiliano¹,Benedict Ralph HB⁴^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Neurology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

2. MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

3. Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA

4. Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA

Abstract

Progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) has been recently proposed in multiple sclerosis (MS) as a model identifying a continuous silent progression of disability without the manifestation of new clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) events that contribute to MS worsening. Despite evidence suggesting that clinical MS manifestations often affect cognitive functioning and the importance of neuropsychological monitoring over time, attention to silent cognitive progression is lacking, and the PIRA concept does not include a measure of cognitive function. In this personal viewpoint, we highlight the need to include cognition in the PIRA model to have a more comprehensive understanding of clinical progression in patients with MS.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Link

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/13524585241264476

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