γ-Butyrolactones from Aspergillus Species: Structures, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activities

Author:

Ibrahim Sabrin R. M.12,Mohamed Gamal A.34,Khedr Amgad I.M.5

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30078, Saudi Arabia

2. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt

3. Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

4. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt

5. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt

Abstract

Recently, numerous metabolites possessing uncommon structures and potent bioactivity have been isolated from strains of fungi collected from diverse environments. The genus Aspergillus is known as a rich source of γ-butyrolactones. These are a group of fungal secondary metabolites, consisting of a five-membered lactone bearing two aromatic rings, which shows a great variety of biological activities. This review summarizes the research on the biosynthesis, source, and biological activities of the naturally occurring γ-butyrolactones that have been isolated from Aspergillus species published over the last decades. More than 75 compounds are described and 65 references are cited.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Complementary and alternative medicine,Plant Science,Drug Discovery,Pharmacology,General Medicine

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