The Gap Between What Parents Need and How Pediatric Primary Care Providers Can Help Families of Children With Special Education Needs

Author:

Stransky Michelle L.12ORCID,van Waes Alexandra13,Fernandez-Pastrañ a Ivys4,Scott Hilana56ORCID,Adolphe Soukaina7

Affiliation:

1. Center for the Urban Child and Healthy Family, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

2. Department of Pediatrics, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

3. Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA

4. Supporting Immigrant Families Project, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

5. Teen and Tot Program, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ambulatory Care, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

6. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

7. Department Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

Abstract

We describe the gap between parents’ special education needs and pediatric primary care providers’ (PCPs) ability to address those needs from a mixed-methods study at a safety-net hospital. We conducted qualitative interviews with English- and Spanish-speaking parents (n = 25) and PCPs (n = 11) about special education knowledge and experience and interactions with a primary care–embedded special education clinic. PCPs also answered survey questions on these topics. Parents reported four challenges: (1) knowing where to start and how to advocate for their youth, (2) being heard or having a say, (3) using the “right” language, and (4) gathering information on special education resources. Primary care providers disclosed three barriers: (1) training, (2) knowledge to assess the appropriateness of supports, and (3) time to address concerns. The gap between PCPs and parents was bridged by the special education clinic. Systematic interventions can ensure that PCPs help parents address the special education needs of their patients.

Funder

Joel and Barbara Alpert Endowment for Children of the City

Boston Medical Center Pediatrics Center for the Urban Child and Healthy Family

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Reference31 articles.

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2. National Center for Education Statistics. Table 204.30. Children 3 to 21 years old served under individuals with diasbilities education act (IDEA), part B, by type of disability, selected years, 1976-77 through 2020-21. Digest of Education Statistics. Published 2022. Accessed March 5, 2022. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d21/tables/dt21_204.30.asp?current=yes.

3. The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) for Children With Special Educational Needs

4. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. ACGME program requirements for graduate medical education in pediatrics, 2020.

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