Prevalence and Predictors of Iron Deficiency in Adolescent and Young Adult Outpatients: Implications for Screening

Author:

Eiduson Rose1,Heeney Matthew M.2,Kao Pei-Chi2,London Wendy B.2ORCID,Fleming Mark D.1,Shrier Lydia A.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

2. Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA

Abstract

Current screening guidelines may not be adequate to identify iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in adolescent and young adults. Adolescent and young adult outpatients from 4 hospital-based clinics (N = 493) reported on diet, health, and bleeding, and had phlebotomy for iron and hematologic tests. We examined sex-specific factors associated with ID and IDA and ability of universal and risk factor–based screening using hemoglobin and hemoglobin plus ferritin to detect ID and IDA. Among females (n = 350), 34.6% had ID and 6.3% had IDA. Nearly 1 in 3 females with ID had no risk factors. Among males, 12.6% had ID; none had IDA. More than 1 in 3 males with ID did not have risk factors. Current screening approaches would have missed ID in 47% to 82% of females and 95% to 100% of males. ID was prevalent in both male and female adolescents and young adult outpatients. New approaches to screening for ID are needed to accurately evaluate iron status in this population.

Funder

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

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