Effect of Sarcopenia on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients With Fournier’s Gangrene

Abstract

Background Preoperative sarcopenia is an essential factor that negatively affects postoperative results. The effect of preoperative sarcopenia on postoperative complications and prognosis in patients treated for Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is controversial. This retrospective cohort study analyzed the effect of FG to evaluate the effect of preoperative sarcopenia on postoperative complications and prognosis in patients who were operated on. Method The data of patients who were operated on with FG diagnosis in our clinic between 2008 and 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic data (age and gender), anthropometric measurements, preoperative laboratory values, abdominopelvic CT, location of FG, number of debridements, ostomy, microbiological culture result, wound closure method, length of hospital stay, and overall survival were recorded. In addition, the presence of sarcopenia was determined according to psoas muscular index (PMI) and Hounsfield unit average calculation (HUAC). Results Of the patients, 57 (30.8%) were female and 128 (69.2%) were male. According to the PMI, sarcopenia was detected in 67 (36.2%) patients and 70 (37.8%), according to the HUAC. At the end of one postoperative year, the mortality rate was higher in the sarcopenia group than in the non-sarcopenia group (P = .002, P = .01). According to the PMI, patients with sarcopenia have an 8.17 times greater risk of exitus than non-sarcopenic patients. According to the HUAC, patients with sarcopenia have a 4.21 times greater risk of exitus than non-sarcopenic patients. Conclusion Based on this large retrospective study, sarcopenia is a strong and independent predictor of postoperative mortality after Fournier’s treatment for gangrene.