Surgical Anatomy of the Retroperitoneal Spaces, Part III: Retroperitoneal Blood Vessels and Lymphatics

Author:

Mirilas Petros12,Skandalakis John E.1

Affiliation:

1. Centers for Surgical Anatomy and Technique, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia

2. 2nd Department of Pediatric Surgery, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece

Abstract

In this article, we discuss the surgical anatomy of the blood vessels and the lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes found in the retroperitoneum. Retroperitoneal blood vessels include the aorta and all its branches—parietal and visceral—from the diaphragm to the pelvis, and the inferior vena cava and its tributaries. The retroperitoneal lymphatics form a very rich and extensive chain. As a general rule, lymphatics follow the arteries and named lymph nodes are found at the root of the arteries. Retroperitoneal nodes of the abdomen comprise the inferior diaphragmatic nodes and the lumbar nodes. The latter are classified as left lumbar (aortic), intermediate (interaorticovenous), and right lumbar (caval). These nodes surround the aorta and the inferior vena cava. Around the aorta lie the paraortic nodes, preaortic nodes (include celiac, superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric nodes collecting lymph from the splanchna supplied by the homonymous arteries), and retroaortic nodes. Similarly, around the vena cava lie the paracaval, precaval, and retrocaval nodes. Pelvic nodes include the common iliac, external and internal iliac, obturator, and sacral nodes.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Medicine

Reference16 articles.

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2. StandringS. (ed.). Gray's Anatomy, 39th ed. New York: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005: 1116.

3. StandringS. (ed.). Gray's Anatomy, 39th ed. New York: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005: 1118.

4. HollinsheadW.H. Anatomy for Surgeons, Vol 2. The Thorax, Abdomen and Pelvis. New York: Hoeber-Harper; 1956: 598.

5. StandringS. (ed.). Gray's Anatomy, 39th ed. New York: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2005: 1121.

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