Leiomyosarcoma of the Gallbladder: A Case Report

Abstract

Primary sarcoma of the gallbladder is a rare disease. The tumor occurs more frequently in women. Usually gallstones are present. Symptoms resemble those of cholelithiasis or cholecystitis. The diagnosis is rarely made preoperatively. The patient was a 51-year-old woman with a 2-month history of right upper quadrant pain, nausea, vomiting, and a 10-pound weight loss. Ultrasound showed cholelithiasis and cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was converted to open as a result of dense tissue in the middle to distal gallbladder. Exploration by a right subcostal incision revealed multiple implants on the surface of the liver and the peritoneum of the upper abdomen. The wall of the gallbladder was very thick and inflamed. Cholecystectomy with liver biopsy was performed. Pathology revealed poorly differentiated epithelioid leiomyosarcoma of the gallbladder with extension to the liver. The disease followed a very aggressive course and the patient died 3 weeks after the procedure. Recommended treatment is extensive surgical resection that can be followed by radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The tumor follows a very aggressive course, which often lasts a few weeks. Prognosis is poor with rare reported 5-year survivals.