1. Department of Surgery, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio;
2. Department of Surgery, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut;
3. Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio;
4. Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio; and the
5. Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon