Subcutaneous Emphysema, Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum, and Pneumoperitoneum Following Synthetic Cannabinoid Toxicity in an Incarcerated Man

Abstract

Background Synthetic cannabinoids are a recreational drug that can cause toxicity with significant side effects. Case We report a 21-year-old incarcerated male with a delayed presentation of pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and pneumoperitoneum following synthetic cannabinoid use with altered mental status. Discussion This case not only highlights the need to consider pneumothorax when evaluating synthetic cannabinoid toxicity but it also emphasizes a vulnerable population (incarcerated individuals at risk for trauma, substance use disorders, and mental illness) who are at risk for delayed medical care and poor follow-up.