Bouveret's Syndrome Presenting as Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage without Hematemesis

Abstract

A 74-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease diagnosed by endoscopy after presentation with an episode of upper gastrointestinal bleeding returned 6½ weeks later with a 5-day history of nausea and vomiting without associated symptoms. An ultrasound was nondiagnostic except for a large gallstone and a poorly visualized gallbladder. Repeat endoscopy revealed a hard mass that was presumed to have formed secondarily to an ulcer-induced stricture, and a 6-cm filling defect just proximal to the duodenal bulb was seen on a preoperative upper gastrointestinal series. At laparotomy the mass was actually a large gallstone and two smaller stones, which had eroded into and become impacted in the duodenal bulb creating a gastric outlet obstruction. The stones were extracted via a duodenotomy, and the remaining portion of the gallbladder was removed with repair of the cholecystoduodenal fistula. The patient was discharged home after an uncomplicated postoperative course. Gastric outlet obstruction by a duodenal gallstone is a condition known as Bouveret's syndrome, which is a rare complication of gallstone disease. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is an especially rare form of presentation.