1. Singapore, Report of Singapore Labour Department, 1946 (Singapore, Government Printing Press, 1947), p. 20.
2. Singapore, Report of the Singapore Labour Department, 1951 (Singapore, Government Printing Press, 1952), p. 6.
3. J. Norman Parmer, Colonial Labor Policy and Administration (Locust Valley, N.Y., J. J. Augustin Inc., 1960), p. 19
4. also see R.N. Jackson, Immigrant Labour and the Development of Malaya, 1786-1920 (Kuala Lumpur , Government Printing Press, 1961 ).