Blood phenotype O and indirect bilirubin are associated with lower, early COVID-19—related mortality: A retrospective study

Abstract

Objectives To evaluate the ABO blood type and indirect bilirubin to predict early mortality in adults with severe COVID-19. Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted on 268 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who had attended the intensive care unit (ICU), Quena general hospital and Luxor International Hospital, and other hospitals or centers for the treatment of COVID-19, during the period from January 2021 till December 2021. Results Relation between mortality and ABO group were highly significant, as we found non-O blood group with more risk of early mortality and intensive care unit admission ICU. There were significant differences between dead and alive cases as regards platelets, white blood cells WBCs (neutrophil, lymphocyte), albumin, liver enzymes aspartate transeferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT), total direct and indirect bilirubin, creatinine, and urea. Conclusion There was a highly significant relation between dead cases and ABO blood group as between the O and non-O groups; also, group O was associated with less severe manifestations and or ventilation and less mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 infection. Direct bilirubin >0.5 was found to be the best predictor for mortality in cases with COVID-19 so indirect bilirubin may be considered a good protector against complications of the infection.