A Scoping Review of Wearable Technologies for Use in Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Author:

Barsotti Ercole123,Goodman Bailey13,Samuelson Riley4ORCID,Carvour Martha L.13ORCID

Affiliation:

1. College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

3. Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

4. Hardin Library for the Health Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

Abstract

Background: Individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) are at risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), which can lead to foot ulcers and lower-extremity amputations. However, cognitive differences and communication barriers may impede some methods for screening and prevention of DPN. Wearable and mobile technologies—such as smartphone apps and pressure-sensitive insoles—could help to offset these barriers, yet little is known about the effectiveness of these technologies among individuals with ID. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the databases Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science using search terms for DM, DPN, ID, and technology to diagnose or monitor DPN. Finding a lack of research in this area, we broadened our search terms to include any literature on technology to diagnose or monitor DPN and then applied these findings within the context of ID. Results: We identified 88 articles; 43 of 88 (48.9%) articles were concerned with gait mechanics or foot pressures. No articles explicitly included individuals with ID as the target population, although three articles involved individuals with other cognitive impairments (two among patients with a history of stroke, one among patients with hemodialysis-related cognitive changes). Conclusions: Individuals with ID are not represented in studies using technology to diagnose or monitor DPN. This is a concern given the risk of DM complications among patients with ID and the potential for added benefit of such technologies to reduce barriers to screening and prevention. More studies should investigate how wearable devices can be used among patients with ID.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

University of Iowa

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Reference145 articles.

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