Intake and Contribution of Food Groups to Vitamin D Intake in Adults with Overweight and Obesity

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to investigate the dietary intake of vitamin D in normal-weight and overweight individuals, establishing its correlation with specific food groups. Two hundred and sixty-four individuals were studied, of which 41.3% men and 58.9% women between 19 and 60 years of age. Nutritional assessment was carried out applying 24-h recall in the months January to April in 2014 and 2015. Nutritional status was assessed by means of anthropometric indicators – anthropometric indicators and indices, whereas weight and body composition were measured by professional bioelectrical impedance using a Tanita 420 BC MA device. It was established that the average daily intake of vitamin D for the entire group of studied individuals was 6.6 µg/day (women – 5.6 µg/day and men – 10.4 µg/day). Main dietary sources of vitamin D in the diet of adults were meat and meat products, fish and fish products, eggs and milk and dairy products. In the groups based upon BMI category of participants, meat and meat products were found to be the main source of vitamin D in all groups. Average daily intake of vitamin D has values significantly below the recommended average daily intake. A policy to promote the consumption of foods rich in vitamin D in order to reduce the relative share of individuals not meeting the recommendations is required.