Determination of Main Properties and Fertility Capacity of Soils under Hazelnut Cultivation in Azerbaijan

Abstract

The main priority of our research is the proper development of agriculture, optimal use and protection of soil resources. Hazelnut is an important crop in the study area, a benchmark indicator of the ecological condition of the soil. The purpose of the research is to determine the indicators of the main diagnostic edifiers in gray-brown soils under hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.) in different seasons in 2022–2023. Mature trees grown without irrigation and fertilizers can produce 15–20 kg/tree, and with intensive care the yield can reach 40 kg/tree. As a result of our research into determining the main levels of productivity of agricultural soils in the southern region of the Greater Caucasus, it was found that 72.0% of agricultural lands are loamy soils, and their pH values range between 4.8 and 7.2, most soils have average organic matter content, 50.15{\%} less calcareous and all soils are salt-free. Soil quality scale rating is 87 points in soils under hazelnuts. It has been established that the soils are 40% slightly acidic, 25% neutral, 70% less calcareous, loamy in texture and sufficient in organic matter content. The soils of the walnut orchard were 49{\%} and 26{\%} slightly and moderately acidic, 76% were less calcareous, and 9% were deficient in organic matter.