Food Dye Amaranth-caused Retrotransposon Polymorphism and Salicilic Acid Protection on Triticum aestivum L.

Abstract

In the present study, amaranth, which is a very important azo dye used in food, drug, paper, cosmetic and textile industries, was evaluated for its genotoxic potential by the plant model organism Triticum aestivum (wheat). The impacts of salicylic acid on genotoxic damage, and the alterations in DNA methylation due to amaranth stress in Triticum aestivum L. were also investigated. The marker techniques of Inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphisms (IRAP) and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) were used to identify genotoxic damage. Amaranth at four different doses (50, 100, 250, 500 mg/l) and salicylic acid at two different doses (0.50 mM and 0.75 mM) were used. Amaranth at all doses caused genotoxic damage and reduced Genomic template stability (GTS %). It was found that there was an increase in genomic stability due to doses of salicylic acid in combination with Amaranth.