Risk factors of strabismus in children in madagascar

Abstract

Background: The aims of this study was to determine risk factor of strabismus in malagasy children. Methods: It was a case-control study doing at Hospital University Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona from 1st June to November 2023. Children who had strabismus were the case. The control were children who didn’t have strabismus and came to the hospital for vision anomaly and had a similar demography specificity like case. The number of controls was twice the number of cases. All children with organic ophthalmic pathologies were excluded. The data was processed by Epi.info 7.0 software. We used Odds Ratio (OR) test to find association between strabismus and risk factor. Confidence interval (CI) was fixed at 95%. Association was significant for a value of p<0,05. Results: Fourty one cases was found for 88 controls. A significant association was found for strabismus and low birth weight OR: 3,69CI[1.68-8.10]p<0,00 ; prematurity OR :2,57IC[1,15-5,73]p<0,01 ; neonatal asphyxia OR : 3,28 IC[1,35-7,97]p<0,00 ; febrile convulsion OR :3,08IC[1,42-6,68]p<0,00 ; and neonatal septicemia OR : 9,90IC[4,20-23,34]p<0,00. Conclusion: Strabismus was associated in children with neonatal pathology. A systematic vision field is necessary for patient with risk factor.