1. Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, SUNY- ESF, 350 Illick Hall, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210
2. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, E309b Corson Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
3. Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 120 Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1520