The effect of bio-organic fertilizers the productivity of potatoes and vegetable root crops in the conditions of the south-east of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Organic vegetables and potatoes are not produced in Kazakhstan. In this regard, the development of organic agricultural technologies is very important. Mineral fertilizers cannot be used  in organic production. There are difficulties in preserving and increasing soil fertility, providing vegetables with all the necessary elements of nutrition. Therefore, the role of organic fertilizers and biological stimulators increases in soil and plant formation. Organic fertilizers are an important factor in preserving and increasing soil fertility, increasing yields, and improving quality, including the ecological purity of products, potatoes, and vegetables. The influence of local organic fertilizers, a new bio-organic fertilizer Baraebong Organic Fertilizer (Republic of Korea), and biological products on the nutritional regime of the soil and the productivity of potatoes and root crops (carrots and beets) was studied on the dark chestnut soil of the foothill zone of the south-east of Kazakhstan. Scientific research was carried out at the experimental station of the Regional branch "Kainar" LLP "Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable Growing". The research uses “The Methodology of Agrochemical Research”, “The Methodology of Experimental Work in Vegetable Growing and Melon Growing”, ‘The Methodology of Field Experience in Vegetable Growing”, and the methodological recommendations "Transition from Traditional to Bioorganic Farming in the Republic of Belarus". The positive effect of different types of bioorganic fertilizers on the nutritional regime of the soil was established such as the content of mobile forms of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium increased in it. The yield of potatoes from the introduction of bio-organic fertilizers into the soil increased by 17.4-87.5 %, carrots by 12.8-38.3 %, and beets by 14.0-46.2 %. Bio-organic fertilizers did not adversely affect the quality of potatoes in terms of nitrate content. The level of nitrates in tubers was at the level of 65-215 mg/kg with a MPC of 250 mg/kg. Carrots grown with the use of various bio-organic fertilizers contained 47-136 mg/kg of nitrates at MPC 400 mg/kg, and beet contained 132-429 mg/kg of nitrates at MPC 1400 mg/kg.