On Analytical Ballistic Penetration Fundamental Model and Design

Abstract

This paper presents a new fresh theoretical study of the ballistic penetration phenomena into hard materials due to low-energy bodies' motion. This model based on the energy balance between the kinetic energy of the piercing body and the protective body thermal energy. Following this equilibrium alongside the equation of the projectile motion, the resulting deceleration value is analytically calculated. Substituting the obtained deceleration value into the kinematic equilibrium results with the penetration thickness expression as well as the time of penetration inside the mono and multi layers materials (like, monolithic and composite materials). In addition, equivalently to the Johnson-Cook model, a proposed impact stress for penetrative and non-penetrative cases was developed. Additionally, a residual velocity expression alongside the evaluation of the total energy and deceleration parameters were also determined. Key parameters are the projectile effective length, which defines the projectile geometry alongside the material strength parameters (heat capacity, Yield, compressive and tensile strengths). Finally, good numerical agreement (order of magnitude and numerical values) has been found between various literature experimental tests and current analytic solution for the kinematic parameters.