DETERMINATION OF SOME QUALITY INDICATORS OF THE LEAVES OF SANGUISÓRBA OFFICINÁLIS L.

Abstract

Analyzing the modern scientific literature, the authors note the growing interest of researchers in studying the quality indicators of non-pharmacopoeial plant raw materials, the procurement of which is carried out from pharmacopoeial and food plants. Such plants are often characterized by a wide range of biologically active substances, which allows them to be considered as promising raw materials for use in medicine and pharmacy. The object of the study was the leaves of the medicinal hemophlebus (Sanguisórba officinalis L.). To determine the authenticity of raw materials, the authors conducted studies of morphological and anatomical features. The analysis of external signs was carried out in accordance with the GFA. 1.5.1.0003.15 "Leaves", the analysis of microdiagnostic signs was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the GFA.1.5.3.0003.15 "Technique of microscopic and microchemical examination of medicinal plant raw materials and medicinal plant preparations" on a medical binocular microscope MICMED 5 (uv.×40) and a Microvizor Mkvizo – 103 (uv. ×100). The appearance was determined for whole and crushed raw materials, the leaves of the hemophlebus. Whole raw materials are characterized by a complex structure of the leaf with 7-25 leaflets, while the size of the leaf blade is from 3 to 7 cm long, from 2 to 4 cm wide. The raw material of the hemophlebone is characterized by an unpaired and oblong-ovate shape of the leaf blade with a heart-shaped base. The edge of the leaf blade is pointed or serrated. The venation of the leaf is pinnate. There is a petiole, the length of which is from 1.5 to 3 cm, diameter: from 1 to 2 mm. The petiole is characterized by a developed ribbed surface and the presence of a vagina and stipules, the length of which is from 0.5 to 1.5 cm. The absence of pubescence is characteristic for both the leaf blade of the hemophlebus and the petiole. Leaf color: the upper part is shiny dark green, and the lower part is dull bluish-green. The smell is pleasant cucumber, specific, astringent taste, characteristic external signs were identified that allow identifying raw materials. When studying the microscopic features of the raw materials of the hemoptysis, diagnostically significant signs were established that allow us to establish authenticity indicators, represented by the features of the structure of the epidermis with sinuous thickened walls, the anomocytic type of the structure of the stomatal complex, the presence of receptacles with yellow contents, trichomes represented by simple and glabrous hairs, as well as calcium oxalate druses concentrated mainly along the veins.