CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PREVENTION OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES DURING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF CHILDREN (CLINICAL CASE)

Abstract

The presented clinical case describes the stages of long-term orthodontic correction of a patient aged 6 to 12 years with narrowing of the dentition and crowding of teeth in the frontal segment of the lower jaw using removable orthodontic equipment and parallel periodontal support for timely examination and treatment of periodontal diseases, as well as assessment of quantitative and qualitative composition of the child’s oral microbiota using microbiological diagnostics and correction of the microbial landscape of the oral cavity by prescribing a probiotic, improving the quality of individual hygiene and modern hardware methods of professional hygiene. Premature loss of primary teeth in a patient aged 6 years led to underdevelopment and asymmetry of the dentoalveolar arch and disruption of occlusal contacts, which leads to the inclusion of additional elements in removable orthodontic appliances, an increase in the area of orthodontic equipment and the number of additional elements in them contributes to an increase in the contamination of the oral cavity with opportunistic pathogens and fungal microorganisms. The long-term change of primary teeth, the delay in the eruption of permanent teeth during the period of mixed dentition contributed to the development of curvature of the roots of permanent teeth in the patient and, perhaps, was a provoking factor for the deficiency of bone tissue volume, which at an older age can contribute to the development of periodontitis, especially against the background of an increase in microbial contamination of the oral cavity opportunistic microorganisms and reducing the quantitative indicators of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp.., which helps to reduce the degree of quantitative and qualitative indicators of contamination of the child’s oral cavity with opportunistic microorganisms and increase the quantitative indicators of normal flora, which has an antagonistic effect and helps improve the clinical situation in the oral cavity and ensures the stability of the periodontal complex patient at the stages of long-term orthodontic treatment.