Prestack diffraction separation in the common virtual source gather

Author:

Li Chuangjian1ORCID,Zhao Jingtao2ORCID,Peng Suping2ORCID,Cui Xiaoqin2

Affiliation:

1. China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, Beijing 100083, China and University of California, Santa Cruz, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Modeling and Imaging Laboratory, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA..

2. China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, Beijing 100083, China.(corresponding author); .

Abstract

Diffractions are the seismic responses of subsurface small-scale geologic discontinuities or inhomogeneities, whose energy is much weaker than that of reflections. To eliminate the masking effect of strong reflections on weak diffractions, a prestack diffraction separation method is proposed based on the common virtual source gather (CVSG) and the median filter. The reflection generated from a reflector can be regarded as originating from a virtual source (or a focused area). According to this behavior, the reflection can be transformed into its corresponding virtual source position to build the CVSG. Unlike the reflection, diffraction cannot be regarded as originating from one virtual source. Therefore, diffractions have a curved shape, whereas reflections are flat in the CVSG. Based on the traveltime moveout method, the reflection traveltime is calculated for describing reflection events and generating CVSG. Theory and a simple synthetic data test demonstrate that there is almost no energy lost when transforming between a shot gather and CVSG. Then, for removing the reflection, the median filter is used in the CVSG where the reflection appears as a linear event. Complex synthetic and field examples demonstrate that the proposed method can flatten reflection events and thus can separate diffraction events from strong reflections in the prestack domain.

Publisher

Society of Exploration Geophysicists

Subject

Geochemistry and Petrology,Geophysics

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