1. P. Bachmann, Die analytische Zahlentheorie, 1894, p. 13-29.
2. G. H. Hardy and E. M. Wright, An introduction to the theory of numbers, 1938, pp. 280-286.
3. D. Shanks, An analogy between transients and mathematical sequences and some nonlinear sequence-to-sequence transforms suggested by it, 1949, Naval Ordnance Laboratory Memorandum 9994. Another version will appear in the Journal of Mathematics and Physics. Or see D. Shanks, Mathematical sequences treated as transients, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. Abstract 55-7-366.