Sets in which 𝑥𝑦+𝑘 is always a square

Author:

Brown Ezra

Abstract

A P k {P_k} -set of size n is a set { x 1 , , x n } \{ {x_1}, \ldots ,{x_n}\} of distinct positive integers such that x i x j + k {x_i}{x_j} + k is a perfect square, whenever i j i \ne j ; a P k {P_k} -set X can be extended if there exists y X y \notin X such that X { y } X \cup \{ y\} is still a P k {P_k} -set. The most famous result on P k {P_k} -sets is due to Baker and Davenport, who proved that the P 1 {P_1} -set 1, 3, 8, 120 cannot be extended. In this paper, we show, among other things, that if k 2 ( mod 4 ) k \equiv 2\;\pmod 4 , then there does not exist a P k {P_k} -set of size 4, and that the P 1 {P_{ - 1}} -set 1, 2, 5 cannot be extended.

Publisher

American Mathematical Society (AMS)

Subject

Applied Mathematics,Computational Mathematics,Algebra and Number Theory

Reference9 articles.

1. The equations 3𝑥²-2=𝑦² and 8𝑥²-7=𝑧²;Baker, A.;Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2),1969

2. L. E. Dickson, History of the Theory of Numbers, vol. II, Carnegie Institute, Washington, 1920; reprinted, Chelsea, New York, 1966.

3. On a method of solving a class of Diophantine equations;Grinstead, Charles M.;Math. Comp.,1978

4. The study of positive integers (𝑎,𝑏) such that 𝑎𝑏+1 is a square;Heichelheim, Peter;Fibonacci Quart.,1979

5. The simultaneous Diophantine equations 𝑦²-3𝑥²=-2 and 𝑧²-8𝑥²=-7;Kangasabapathy, P.;Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2),1975

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