Anti-retro viral therapy adverse drug reaction and associated factors among human immuno deficiency virus infected adult patients at Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial hospital, South Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Recent increases in access to HAART have made the management of drug toxicities an increasingly crucial component of HIV care in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of antiretroviral ther- apy adverse drug reactions and associated factors among HIV-infected adult patients at Nigist Eleni Mohammed memorial hospital. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted by retrospective review of patients’ medical records. From a total 721 adult patient records, 231 patients record were selected by simple random sampling technique. The study was conducted April15-25, 2015.The association between dependent and independent variables was measured by using OR at 95% CI. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: About 53(22.9%) patients developed ADRs (adverse drug reactions). Female (AOR=2.72, CI=1.177-6.30), patients with WHO stage III and IV (AOR= 13.06, CI=4.17- 40.90) were found more likely to develop ADRs. Commonly identified ADRs were fatigue (18.1%), diarrhea (7.7%), nausea (6.5%), headache (3.6%) and anemia (2%). Conclusion: Nearly one in five patients develop ADRs. Sex of respondents, WHO stage and functional status were asso- ciated with ADRs. The health care providers should give due attention to ambulatory, bedridden, and WHO stage III and IV patients. Keywords: ART; HIV; AIDS; Ethiopia.