Factors that influence deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs in stroke patients, and the effect of anticoagulant intervention

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the factors influencing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in stroke patients, and the effect of anticoagulant intervention. Methods: A total of 208 stroke patients in Jiaozhou Central Hospital of Qingdao from March 2018 to March 2020 were assigned to DVT group (n = 84) and non-DVT group (n = 124). Their clinical data were analyzed to identify risk factors. Thereafter, the DVT group were randomized to control group and study group (n = 42 each). Conventional treatment and low molecular heparin plus treatment were given to the groups, respectively. Activities of daily living (ADL) and treatment outcomes were compared. Results: Univariate analysis showed that age, smoking history, Wells score, duration of bed rest, limb immobilization time after interventional therapy, D-dimer and TGs differed between the two groups (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥ 60 years old, smoking history, Wells score ≥ 2 points, duration of bed-rest ≥ 7 days, limb immobilization time ≥ 1 day after intervention, D- dimer < 0.95 mg/L and TG < 1.84 mmol/L were risk factors for DVT. After treatment, ADL and total treatment effectiveness in the study group were higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Age ≥ 60 years, smoking history, Wells score ≥ 2 points, duration of bedrest ≥ 7 days, limb immobilization time ≥ 1 day after intervention, D-dimer < 0.95 mg/L and TG < 1.84 mmol/L are risk factors for DVT. The anticoagulant used (rivaroxaban) seems to improve daily living and reduce clinical symptoms.