Development and characterization of k-carrageenan platforms as periodontal intra-pocket films

Abstract

Purpose: To prepare emulsion-based Intrapocket polymeric films for the treatment of periodontitis. Method: Films were fabricated by dehydration of an emulsion containing k-carrageenan (KC) in aqueous phase and Compritol® 888 ATO (Compritol® ) or Dimodan® UJ (DU® ) or different ratios of both. The resulting films were characterized by mechanical texture analyser to determine Young’s modulus and tensile strength. Glass transition temperature (Tg) of the films was evaluated by dynamic mechanical and thermal analyser while surface morphology was evaluated using scanning electron microscope. In-vitro drug release was conducted in pre-warmed phosphate buffer. Bacterial adherence was assessed after 24 h. Results: Young’s modulus was highest for KC films to which no lipid was added (5.33 ± 0.38 GPa) and decreased following lipid incorporation. Tg was highest in KC films (106.25 ± 4.53 ° C) but decreased upon addition of lipids. The surface of KC was smooth but roughness increased with increasing Compritol® load. Drug release from KC films was complete (99.80 ± 8.43 %) after 2 h; however, upon adding lipid, the release was extended 8 h and was affected by lipid type and ratio. Microbiologic assay demonstrated noticeable reduction in viable count compared to control and was affected by lipid type and ratio. The film formulated from a combination of DU® and Compritol® in a ratio of 80:20 was strong, flexible and reduced microbial adherence. Moreover, it showed a smooth surface and extended release for over 8 h. Conclusion: Intra-pocket films were prepared by drying emulsion-based films. Resulted films were strong, flexible, prolonged drug release over 8 h and could lower bacterial growth. The prepared film may offer efficient treatment in periodontitis patients.