Effect of dapagliflozin on metabolic disorders, β islets cell function and serum protein expressions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of dapagliflozin on metabolic disorders, pancreatic islets β-cell function and serum protein expressions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: One hundred patients with T2DM in Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, China from June 2022 to March 2023 were selected and randomly divided into control and study groups, with 50 patients in each group. Patients in control group received basic treatment (instruction to control diet intake), while patients in study group received dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) for 6 weeks, plus basic treatment. Pre and post-treatment physical examination, blood glucose and blood lipid parameters were determined. Furthermore, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits while serological indices were determined using radioimmunoassay. Results : Post-treatment levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 h BG), lipid levels, and GLP 1 levels in the two groups were significantly lower than pre-treatment levels (p < 0.05), but the levels in study group were significantly lower than those in control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, HbA1c level of study group was significantly lower than that of control group (p < 0.05). After treatment, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI) and body mass of the two groups were significantly lower than pretreatment values, with study group having significantly lower values than control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Dapagliflozin is effective in the treatment of patients with T2DM, as it significantly improves pancreatic islets β-cell function, blood glucose and lipid metabolism, and reduces body weight. Future studies using larger sample size and diverse study centers are recommended prior to application in clinical practice.