Inhibitory effect of <i>Asparagus officinalis</i> extract on allergic asthma in Swiss albino mice

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the inhibitory effect of Asparagus officinalis extract (AOE) on allergic asthma induced by carrageenan (CGN).   Methods: Forty male mice were divided into 4 groups: the 1st group was untreated control; 2nd group was treated orally and daily with  500 mg/kg AOE for one week; the 3rd group was treated with single dose of CGN 2 %w/v (200 µL/mice) intraperitoneally and left for one  week; while the 4th group was treated first with CGN as in 3rd group and treated with AOE as 2nd group after CGN injection for one week. After treatment, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were subjected to white blood cell count. IL6 and TNF-α were  measured in the lung homogenate while histopathological analysis was performed for lung samples. Results: A single dose of CGN  resulted in significant increase in white blood cell (WBC) count and proinflammatory cytokines (IL6 and TNF-α; p < 0.05).  Histopathological  analysis showed severe lung alterations such as accumulation of infiltration cells that blocked alveolar sacs, over-  secretion of collagenous fibers, extracellular matrix and hyaline membranes. Moreover, treatment with AOE after CGN injection  significantly reduced WBC count (p = 0) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) that were raised by CGN (p = 0). Furthermore,  AOE reduced the pathological signs that were induced by CGN leading to improvement of lung function and reduction of collagenous  fibers and hyaline membranes. Conclusion: Asparagus officinalis extract reduces the allergic effect and lung pathological signs induced  by CGN. Since AOE inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines, it has the potential to be developed as a source of active  pharmaceutical ingredients for the management of lung and airway injury.