Influence of herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., in vitro conditions on the seed growth of Amarantus retroflexus L.

Abstract

Goal. Investigate the herbistatic properties of the herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., regarding its effect on the germination of Amaranthus retroflexus L. seeds, to ensure targeted and rational use in wheat crops, with maximum preservation of the crop and minimal environmental impact. Methods. Laboratory, visual, computational and comparative, mathematical and statistical. Results. It was established that after using the herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., with consumption rates of 15.0 g/ ha, 20.0 g/ ha and 25.0 g/ ha in in vitro conditions there was inhibition of the germination of the seeds of common sedum. According to research data obtained under in vitro conditions in Petri dishes on filter paper, in all repetitions of the third and fourth versions of the experiment, where the herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., with consumption rates of 20.0 g/ ha and 25.0 g/ ha, respectively, the level of reduction in the germination of seeds of common sedum was 100.0%. The level of reduction of the germination of the seeds of common styrica in all repetitions of the experiment variant in Petri dishes on filter paper, where the herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., with a consumption rate of 15.0 g/ ha, compared to the control was 83.8%. At the same time, 30 days after treatment in vitro on filter paper and in the soil in the variants of experiments where the herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., with consumption rates of 15.0 g/ ha, 20.0 g/ ha, and 25.0 g/ ha, there were no germinated seeds at all, the level of reduction in germination was 100.0%. The total level of reduction of the germination of the seeds of common sedum in the soil was the highest in the fourth variant of the experiment, where the herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., with a consumption rate of 25.0 g/ ha — 76.8%. However, compared to the total indicator of the decrease in germination of seeds of the third variant of the experiment in the soil where the herbicide was applied with a consumption rate of 20.0 g/ ha, the specified indicator of the fourth variant of the experiment improved by 4.4%. Conclusions. According to the data of the research, it was found that the level of germination of the seeds of the common milkweed was reduced due to the use of the herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., with consumption rates of 15.0 g/ ha, 20.0 g/ ha and 25.0 g/ ha, in vitro conditions in Petri dishes both on filter paper and in soil. At the same time, herbicidal properties were better manifested in the experiments that were performed in vitro on filter paper due to direct contact of the herbicide with the object of research, which ensured 100.0% control of the germination of the seeds of common sedum in the variants where the herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., with consumption rates of 20.0 g/ ha and 25.0 g/ ha. The leading fact of the in vitro research is the establishment of a clear tendency to decrease the germination of the seeds of common sedum in the soil, which is observed on the 10th day after treatment with the herbicide, which gives grounds to record the indirect effect of the herbicide Granstar Pro 75, w.g., with consumption rates of 15.0 g/ ha, 20.0 g/ ha and 25.0 g/ ha, for seed germination. Accordingly, compliance with the regulations for the use of this drug, as well as other requirements for the introduction of herbicides, taking into account the presence of herbicidal properties, can help reduce the chemical load on the environment.