Genetics and management of locally advanced carcinomas of the head and neck: role of altered fractionation radiotherapy

Author:

Perri Francesco1,Ionna Franco2,Muto Paolo3,Marzo Massimiliano Di4,Caponigro Francesco1,Longo Francesco2,Vittoria Scarpati Giuseppina Della5,Lorenzo Giuseppe Di6,Giuliano Mario67,Solla Raffaele8

Affiliation:

1. Head & Neck, Soft Tissue Sarcoma Medical Oncology Department, National Tumor Institute of Naples, IRCCS G Pascale, Napoli, Naples, Italy

2. Otolaryngology Unit, Department of Head & Neck, Soft Tissue Sarcoma & Thyroid Cancer, National Tumor Institute of Naples, IRCCS G Pascale, Napoli, Naples, Italy

3. Radiation Therapy Department, National Tumor Institute of Naples, IRCCS G Pascale, Napoli, Naples, Italy

4. Head & Neck – Soft Tissue Sarcoma Unit, IRCCS G Pascale, Naples, Italy

5. Medical Oncology Unit, POC SS Annunziata, Taranto, Italy

6. Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy

7. Department of Medical Oncology, Lester & Sue Smith Breast Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

8. Department of Radiation Oncology, Italian National Research Council, Institute of Biostructure & Bioimaging, Naples, Italy

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) accounts for 5–7% of all malignancies. About 60% of newly diagnosed SCCHN are detected as locally advanced disease. Chemoradiation is a standard option and response rate to it is variable. Recently, a genetic classification of SCCHN has been proposed by Chung et al., who categorized all SCCHN into four subtypes. The basal-like variant is characterized by high expression of EGFR. Literature data suggest higher efficacy of accelerated and/or hyperfractionated radiotherapy, if compared with conventional radiotherapy in the subgroup of patients with high EGFR expression. In this review, we will describe the genetic factors able to guide treatment choice, with a focus on EGFR expression.

Publisher

Future Science Ltd

Subject

Biotechnology

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