Isolation and Diagnosis of Bacteria and Fungi from Some Areas of Tikrit and Some Villages

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the amount of air pollution caused by bacteria and fungi in specific areas of Tikrit, including the Al-Alam area, Al-Bu Ajil, Al-Buhyazaa, and the village of Al-Karaat. The study was conducted in November and January of 2021–2022, using petri dishes filled with nutrient agar (potato dextrose agar, or PDA) distributed throughout the study areas. The petri dish was left open for fifteen minutes before being closed and incubated with an incubator. After that, the dish was closed and the species was allowed to grow on the media, including isolates and differential media like Macconkey agar and Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB). For microscopical diagnosis, gram stain was applied to the bacterial samples, and fungal stain Lactophenol was used for fungus isolates. The findings of the current study showed that the proportion of Penicillium sp colonies colonized agricultural areas was twice as high, particularly in the Albu-Ajil area, where the dish G2.1 had more than 96 colonies, which was twice or three times more than the rest of the petri dishes in the study area for remote areas. This is because the area had ideal growth conditions in terms of temperature, humidity, and other factorsThe analysis revealed that the majority of bacteria were negative, particularly those belonging to the genus Klebsiella sp. which showed that it could grow on a Macconkey agar dish in Tikrit, the village of Al-Karaat, and Al-Alam. This suggests that it can grow in a variety of environments. However, in the Albu Hayaza area, no bacterial growth was found on the Macconkey agar dish, which was designated with the symbol 3.1 H. This could be because the environmental conditions at the time were insufficient for bacterial growth.