Changes of Morphological and Physiological Responses to Indirect Iron Deficiency of Two Apiaceae Species

Abstract

The effect of iron deficiency (bicarbonate induced) on plant morphology and growth parameters were addressed in two apiaceae species grown in continuously aerated nutrient solution with the absence or the presence of Fe with the addition of bicarbonate during one month. Growth parameters, iron statut, chlorophyll and carotenoid content and rhizosphere acidification were studied, along with zinc and copper concentration. Our results showed a high chlorosis index and a significant decrease of chlorophyll content in both species but more marked in P. crispum. In addition, Fe deficiency restricted significantly the plant biomass production as well as leaves number and shoot length. A reduction in iron uptake and a variability in zinc and copper accumulation were also recorded. Moreover, a capacity of root acidification due to a noticeable proton release rate, accompanied by root development were observed in both species but more pronounced in A. graveolens. These findings suggest that the latter seems to be less sensitive to the stress than P. crispum.