Bioactive compounds and their their antifeedant activity in the cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale L.) shell extract against Bemisia tabaci, (Gennadius, 1889) (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae)

Abstract

<p class="Default">The present study was carried out to analyze bioactive compounds and their their antifeedant activityity in the cashew nut (Anacardiaceae) shell extract against <em>Bemisia tabaci</em>. Hexane was used as solvent in the extraction. The result showed that shell extract of total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins were 63.11 mg gallic acid equivalents g^-1; 1.79 mg quercetin equivalents g^-1; and 16.04 mg gallic acid equivalents g^-1, respectively. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses showed that anacardic acid has the highest concentration (76.93 %) in the extract. The viscous extract of cashew nut at concentration of 0.75 % was able to inhibit the landing and provided an active role as anti-oviposition on <em>B. tabaci</em>. There were significantly fewer landings than after use of insecticide with imidacloprid active compound at concentration of 0.50 %, after 72 h of application. Mortalities of <em>B. tabaci</em> caused by extracts with concentration of 1.50 % and 3.00 % were not significantly different after 24 and 48 h of application. At concentration of 3.00 % there was no phytotoxic effect. The highest mortality of <em>B. tabaci </em>was obtained at concentration of 6.00 %. However, concentration of 6 % of extract caused phytotoxic symptoms on soybean leaves.</p>