1. focused on automatic flight control, but important developments are also contributing to manual flight control. One of these recent developments is the implementation of nonlinear flight control. Examples of these control methods are nonlinear dynamic inversion,1-4backstepping5or model predictive control.6,7This publication will focus on the nonlinear dynamic inversion based approach.
2. Amajor point of attraction of dynamic inversion is its ability to naturally handle changes of operating condition, which removes the need for gain scheduling, as is the case for e.g. classical control methods. This is especially advantageous for control of space re-entry vehicles, due to their extreme and wide operating conditions which vary between supersonic speed during re-entry and subsonic regions during the terminal glide approach phase towards the runway. Another advantage is its natural property of decoupling the control axes, i.e. no coupling effects remain between steering channels and the different degrees of freedom. NDI control has been implemented in the Lockheed F-35 Lightning II.8,9Dynamic inversion is a popular control method for flight control and aircraft guidance.1-4,10,11Moreover, dynamic inversion can be naturally extended to fault tolerance, e.g. by incorporating online model identification. As such, it is also a popular control method for reconfiguring control.12-18
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4. f h1(x) Lg2Lr1-1f h1(x) ··· LgmLr1-1f
5. h1(x) Lg1Lr2-1f h2(x) Lg2Lr2-1f h2(x) ··· LgmLr2-1f