1. This led to a number of inadequacies of the model, which include excessive dissipation and incorrect behavior at solid surfaces. To overcome these deficiencies, a dynamic model approach was proposed by Germano et al.4for incompressible flows, and extended by Moin et al.23for compressible applications. Its general formulation is identical to that of Smagorinsky and Yoshizawa given by Eqs. 21-27. Inthis description,however,the model coefficients C and Ci are computed as afunction oftime and space from the energy content of the resolved large-scale structures. This is^ accomplished by introducing a test filter function Q,with a filter width that iswider than the computational mesh, where its application is represented as
2. Rai, M. M., Gatski, T. B., and Erlebacher, G. "Direct Simulation of Spatially Evolving Compressible Turbulent Boundary Layers," AIAA Paper 95-0583, Jan.1995.
3. Large-Eddy Simulation of a Spatially Evolving Supersonic Turbulent Boundary-Layer Flow
4. A dynamic subgrid‐scale eddy viscosity model